Практическая грамматика. (Иностранный язык)

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МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ФГБОУ ВО «ИВАНОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ» ШУЙСКИЙ ФИЛИАЛ ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ГРАММАТИКА (ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК) Учебно-методические материалы для студентов 2-3 курсов (профили «Начальное образование»; «Иностранный язык») Шуя 2024

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УУДК 811.111’36 БББК 81.2Англ-2 С С51 Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета Шуйского филиала ИвГУ Автор: Л.Ю. Смолина-Степович Рецензент: кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры русского языка и методики обучения Соколов А.Н. Практическая грамматика. (Иностранный язык). Учебно-методические материалы / Л.Ю. Смолина-Степович – Шуя: Шуйский филиал ИвГУ, 2024. – 353 с. Учебно-методическое материалы предназначены для студентов направления подготовки 44.03.05 Педагогическое образование (профили «Начальное образование»; «Иностранный язык»), обучающихся по Федеральному государственному образовательному стандарту высшего образования №125 от 22.02.2018 г. по дисциплине «Практическая грамматика. (Иностранный язык)». Цель данных учебно-методических материалов – систематизация и дифференциация сходных грамматических структур английского языка в области морфологии, что необходимо для практического владения языком. Задания построены на аутентичном языковом материале в полном соответствии с лингвистическими и методическими принципами. Учебнометодические материалы могут быть использованы в качестве самостоятельных учебных материалов по грамматике. Количество заданий по каждой теме определяется как объёмом самой темы, так и степенью трудности её усвоения студентами. Материалом для заданий служат предложения, взятые из современной английской и американской литературы. © Шуйский филиал ИвГУ, 2024 © Смолина-Степович Л.Ю., 2024 2

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Sentence ............................................................................................................... 7 1.1. Sentence Structure. Communicative Types of Sentences. Sentence Members and Their Types. .................................................................................. 8 2. Noun .................................................................................................................. 19 2. 1. Morphological Composition. The Kinds of Nouns ................................... 19 2. 2. The Category of Number .......................................................................... 20 2. 3. The Category of Case ................................................................................ 31 2. 4. The Category of Gender. ............................................................................ 38 3. The Adjective. ................................................................................................... 41 3.1. Morphological Composition of the Adjectives ........................................... 41 4. Verb. Tenses in the Active Voice ..................................................................... 49 4.1. The Present Tenses Compared .................................................................... 59 4. 2. The Past Tenses Compared ........................................................................ 71 4. 3. The Future Tenses Compared .................................................................... 78 4. 4. Revision of Tenses in the Active Voice ..................................................... 85 5. The Article ......................................................................................................... 92 5. 1. Nouns Modified by Different Attributes .................................................... 92 5. 2. The Generic Use of the Article .................................................................. 95 5. 3. The Use of Articles with Nouns in Some Syntactic Relations .................. 96 5. 4. The Use of Articles with Uncountable Nouns ......................................... 100 5. 5. The Use of Articles with Some Semantic Groups of Nouns ......................... (parts of the day, seasons, meals, diseases) ..................................................... 102 3

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5. 6. The Use of Articles with Certain Countable Nouns in Their Phraseological Use .................................................................................................................... 107 5. 7. The Use of Articles with Nouns Denoting Unique Objects and Notions 111 5. 8. The Use of Articles with Proper Names ........................................................ ( names of persons, geographic names, miscellaneous names) ....................... 112 6. Tenses in the Passive Voice ........................................................................... 117 6.1. Types of Passive Voice Constructions ...................................................... 117 7. Sequence of Tenses ......................................................................................... 134 8. Indirect Speech ................................................................................................ 144 9. Modal Verbs .................................................................................................... 156 9. 1. Can and May .......................................................................................... 162 9. 2. Must, Have to, Be to ................................................................................. 171 9. 3. Need .......................................................................................................... 178 9. 4. Ought ........................................................................................................ 181 9. 5. Should ....................................................................................................... 182 9. 6. Shall and Will .......................................................................................... 186 9.7. Modal Verbs. Final Discussion. ................................................................ 190 10. Non-Finite Forms of the Verb. Their Syntactical Functions. Predicative Complexes ........................................................................................................... 196 10.1.1. The Infinitive: Morphological Forms and Syntactic Functions. .......... 196 10.1.2. The Infinitive Predicative Constructions and Their Syntactic Functions in the Sentence ................................................................................................. 207 10.1.3. Revision of the Infinitive, Infinitive Predicative Complexes and Their Syntactical Functions ....................................................................................... 224 10.2.1. The Participle: Morphological Forms and Syntactic Functions ......... 228 10.2.2. The Participial Predicative Constructions and Their Syntactic Functions in the Sentence ................................................................................................. 238 4

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10.2.3. Revision of the Participle, Participial Predicative Constructions and Their Syntactical Functions ............................................................................. 252 10.3.1. The Gerund: Morphological Forms and Syntactic Functions ............. 255 10.3.2. The Gerundial Predicative Constructions and Their Syntactic Functions .......................................................................................................................... 263 10.3.3. Revision of the Gerund, Gerundial Predicative Constructions and Their Syntactic Functions .......................................................................................... 270 10.4. Revision: Non-Finite Forms and Predicative Constructions. ................. 273 10.5. Non-Finite Forms Compared. The Infinitive and the Gerund. The Gerund and the Present Participle ................................................................................. 276 11. Subjunctive Mood ......................................................................................... 285 11.1. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Predicative Clauses ............................................................................................................. 285 11. 2. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Subject Clauses ............................................................................................................. 290 11. 3. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Object Clauses ............................................................................................................. 293 11. 4. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Attributive Clauses ............................................................................................................. 302 11. 5. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Attributive Appositive Clauses ........................................................................................... 306 11. 6. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Adverbial Clauses of Condition ........................................................................................ 309 11. 7. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Adverbial Clauses of Purpose ........................................................................................... 320 11. 8. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Adverbial Clauses of Comparison .................................................................................... 323 5

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11. 9. The Subjunctive Mood Forms in Complex Sentences with Adverbial Clauses of Concession ...................................................................................... 327 11. 10. Revision of Subjunctive Mood Forms in Different Sentences ............ 333 12. Appendix ....................................................................................................... 341 13. Glossary ......................................................................................................... 347 14. Literature ....................................................................................................... 352 6

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