Eng., Vladimir Samoylenko – Associate Professor of Automatic, Electronic Engineering, and Metrology Department at Stavropol State Agrarian University, PhD Engineering Drawing: textbook / authors: Andrey Bratsikhin, Maria Shpak, Sergey Krassa. – Stavropol: Рublisher NCFU, 2015. – 104 p. <...> Conventional representation of splined connection on technical drawings ……. <...> INDICATION OF TOLERANCES ON TECHNICAL DRAWING …………………. 5.1. <...> INDICATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON TECHNICAL DRAWING ………. 6.1. <...> Artistic drawings Artistic drawings range in scope from the simplest line drawing to the most famous paintings (Figure 1.1a). <...> It also contains dimensions, notes and specifications (Figure 1.1 b). a) b) Figure 1.1 Types of drawings: a) artistic drawing; b) technical drawing Technical drawings are based on the fundamental principles of projections, which were studied in course of descriptive geometry. - 5 - Any object that is to be manufactured, assembled, constructed, built, or subjected to any other types of conversion process must designed first. <...> The Russian Standard establishes five preferred sizes for drawings that are presented in the Table 1.1. <...> The Russian Standard title block can have a maximum length of 185 mm providing the information that is presented in the Figure 1.2. - 6 - a) b) c) - 7 - d) Figure 1.2. <...> Title blocks for drawings: a) title block for the first sheet of drawing; b) title block for the second and followed sheets of drawing; c) title block for civil engineering drawings; d) ISO 7200:2004 Title block 1 For ISO 7200:2004 the total width is 170 or 180 mm for an A4 sheet, with the left margin being 20 mm and the right margin 10 mm. The same title block is used for all paper sizes (Figure 1.2 d). <...> French curve It is used to draw irregular curves that are not circle arcs. <...> Scale (Ruler) It is a measuring instrument and it is used to draw line. <...> Compass It is used to draw circles and arcs in pencil. <...> Lettering Lettering used on technical drawing written according to Russian Standard 2.304-81. <...> The height h of the capital letter is taken <...>
Engineering_Drawing__Инженерная_графика_Учебное_пособие_(курс_лекций).pdf
УДК 514.18 (075.8)
ББК 22. 151. 3 я73
Б 87
Published according
to the Decision of Academic
North-Caucasus Federal University
Reviewers:
Sergey Babenishev – Professor of Mechanical Engineering
and Technological Equipment Department at North Caucasus Federal University, Dr.Eng.,
Vladimir Samoylenko – Associate Professor of Automatic, Electronic Engineering,
and Metrology Department at Stavropol State Agrarian University, PhD
Engineering Drawing: textbook / authors: Andrey Bratsikhin, Maria Shpak, Sergey
Krassa. – Stavropol: Рublisher NCFU, 2015. – 104 p.
Брацихин А. А., Шпак М. А., Красса С. И.
Инженерная графика: учебное пособие (курс лекций). – Ставрополь: Изд-во СКФУ,
2015. – 104 с.
ISBN 978-5-9296-0768-4
Textbook is generated according to the requirements of Federal State Standard for Higher
Education for Bachelor’s Degree students.
Established on meeting of Mechanical Engineering and Technological Equipment Department
(Minute №3 at the 30th of March, 2015) for students taught the program 21.03.01 - Oil and
Gas Engineering, and 08.03.01 – Civil Engineering.
УДК 514.18 (075.8)
ББК 22. 151. 3 я73
Authors:
Andrey Bratsikhin – Head of Mechanical Engineering
and Technological Equipment Department NCFU, Dr.Eng.
Maria Shpak – Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering
and Technological Equipment Department NCFU, PhD.
Sergey Krassa – Associate Professor of Linguistics
and Linguodidactics Department NCFU, PhD.
ISBN 978-5-9296-0768-4
- 2 -
© North Caucasus Federal University, 2015
Стр.2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. BASIC RULES OF MAKING DRAWING……………………………………………..
1.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..
1.2. Drawing equipment and tools ……………………………………………………...
1.3. Lettering …………………………………………………………………………...
1.4. Lines on drawing …………………………………………………………………..
1.5. Scales ………………………………………………………………………………
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
2. SECTIONS AND OTHER CONVENTIONS …………………………………………..
2.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..
2.2. Hatching of the section areas ………………………………………………………
2.3. Section view ……………………………………………………………………….
2.4. Sections ……………………………………………………………………………
2.5. Views of the object ………………………………………………………………..
2.6. Making an inclined section view or section ………………………………………
2.7. Removed Elements on a Larger Scale …………………………………………….
2.8. Additional requirements …………………………………………………………...
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
3. CONVENTIONAL REPRESENTATION OF THE OBJECT’S ELEMENTS …..……
3.1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………….
3.2. Threaded elements …………………………………………………………………
3.3. Representation of Springs on Technical Drawings ………………………………
3.4. Conventional representation of gears on technical drawings ……………………..
3.5. Conventional representation of splined connection on technical drawings …….
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
4. DIMENSIONING ON TECHNICAL DRAWING ……………………………………..
4.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..
4.2. General principles ………………………………………………………………….
4.3. Methods of dimensioning ………………………………………………………….
4.4. Indication dimension values on drawing ………………………………………….
4.5. Radius, diameter and square dimensioning ……………………………………….
4.6. Special indication ………………………………………………………………….
4.7. Indication of levels ………………………………………………………………...
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
5. INDICATION OF TOLERANCES ON TECHNICAL DRAWING …………………..
5.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..
5.2. Indication of the tolerance and fit …………………………………………………
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
6. INDICATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON TECHNICAL DRAWING ……….
6.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..
6.2. Indication of surface roughness …………………………………………………..
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
7. INDICATION OF GEOMETRICAL TOLERANCE ON TECHNICAL DRAWING ….
7.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..
7.2. Indication of the geometrical tolerances ………………………………………….
7.3. Indication of datum on technical drawing ………………………………………..
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
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8. REPRESENTATION OF WELDS ON TECHNICAL DRAWING ……………………
8.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..
8.2. Indication of the welds …………………………………………………………….
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
9. AXONOMETRIC PROJECTIONS …………………………………………………….
9.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..
9.2. Isometric projection ……………………………………………………………….
9.3. Diametric projection ……………………………………………………………….
9.4. Oblique frontal diametric projection ………………………………………………
9.5. Hatching of the axonometric projections ………………………………………….
Questions ……………………………………………………………………………….
10. BLENDING OF LINES AND CURVES ……………………………………………...
GLOSSARY ……………………………………………………………………………….
LIST OF REFERENCE LINKS …………………………………………………………...
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