BPMN stands for Business Process Model and Notation 5.3. <...> Process Levels and the Hierarchical Style 7.6. <...> Start Events and the Process Instance 7.9. <...> A subprocess start event must have a None trigger 7.18. <...> Parallel Box and Ad-Hoc Subprocess TOPIC 8. <...> End State 152 The list of references 153 Opinion on the course of lectures 6 Introduction Currently, the effective management of the company cannot be imagined without the use of advanced information technologies. <...> The use of different methods and analysis tools available in modern software, such as Bizagi Process Modeler and ARIS allows you to quickly and accurately optimize the business processes of an enterprise, which in turn will significantly improve the efficiency of the company as a whole. <...> Assuming that the term “collection” neither implies an ordering of the activities nor any other execution constraints, the definition by Hammer and Champy is quite liberal with regard to the process aspect. <...> Execution constraints between activities are identified by Davenport, who defines a business process as “a set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined business outcome for a particular customer or market.” The term “logically related” puts emphasis on the process activities, while associating the outcome of a business process with a requestor of a product, that is, a customer. <...> Davenport also considers the relationship of process activities, including their execution ordering, by defining a business process as “a specific ordering of work activities across time and place, with a beginning, an end, and clearly identified inputs and outputs.” He continues, “business processes have customers (internal or external) and they cross organizational boundaries, that is, they occur across or between organizational subunits.” Based on these characterizations of business processes, we adopt the following definition. <...> A business process consists of a set of activities that are performed in coordination in an organizational and technical environment. <...> The basis of business process management is the explicit representation of business processes with their activities and the 11 execution constraints between them. <...> In the ordering process, an order is received, an invoice is sent, payment is received, and the ordered products are shipped. <...> The coordination between the activities is achieved by an explicit process representation using execution constraints. <...> The process starts with the company receiving and checking an order, followed <...>
Аnalysis_and_optimization_of_business_processes_Анализ_и_оптимизация_бизнес-процессов.pdf
UDC 004.47:339.128(075.8)
BBK 65.250-21-9 я73
R 69
Published by the decision
Educational-methodical Council
The North Caucasus Federal
University
Reviewers:
Ardeev A. H., the candidate of pedagogical Sciences,
associate Professor;
Kandaurova N. V., doctor of technical Sciences, Professor
Romanenko M. G.
R 69 Analysis and optimization of business processes:
course of lectures. – Stavropol: Publishing house
of NCFU, 2016. – 154 p.
Textbook (course of lectures) on the subject "Analysis and
optimization of business processes" is developed in accordance with
the program of discipline for students of direction of training of master
09.04.02 – Information systems and technologies.
Lectures the proposed tutorial include the plan of the lectures,
the necessary theoretical information and questions for discussion.
UDC 004.47:339.128(075.8)
BBK 65.250-21-9 я73
© FGAOU VO "North-Caucasian
Federal University", 2016
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Contents
7 Introduction
PART I. FOUNDATION
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TOPIC 1. MOTIVATION AND DEFINITIONS
1.1. Management of business process
1.2. Business Process Lifecycle
1.3. Design and Analysis
TOPIC 2. BUSINESS PROCESS
MODELLING FOUNDATION
2.1. Conceptual Model and Terminology
2.2. Abstraction Concepts
2.2.1. Horizontal Abstraction
2.2.2. Vertical Abstraction
2.3. From Business Functions to Business Processes
TOPIC 3. ACTIVITY MODELS
AND ACTIVITY INSTANCES
3.1. Process Models and Process Instances
3.2. Modelling Process Data
3.2.1. Modelling Data
3.2.2. Workflow Data Patterns
3.3. Modelling Organization
3.3.1. Direct Allocation
3.3.2. Role-Based Allocation
3.3.3. Deferred Allocation
3.3.4. Authorization
3.3.5. Separation of Duties
3.3.6. Case Handling
3.3.7. History-Based Allocation
3.3.8. Organizational Allocation
3. 4. Modelling Operation
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TOPIC 4. BUSINESS PROCESS FLEXIBILITY
4.1. Explicit Process Representations
4.2. Organizational Modelling66
4.3. Standardized Software Interfaces
4.4. Architecture of Process Execution Environments
PART II. BPMN METHOD AND STYLE
TOPIC 5. ABOUT BPMN
5.1. BPMN Tools
5.2. BPMN stands for Business Process Model
and Notation
5.3. The Paradox of BPMN
TOPIC 6. METHOD AND STYLE
6.1. The Long Road to BPMN 2.0
6.2. Business Process Modeling Is More Than BPMN!
6.3. How Does A Model Mean?
6.4. BPMN’s Hidden Conceptual Framework
6.5. What Is an Activity?
6.6. What Is a Process?
6.7. Process Logic
6.8. Orchestration
6.9. The Questions BPMN Asks
TOPIC 7. BPMN LEVELS AND PROCESS
MODELING CONFORMANCE SUBCLASSES
7.1. A Simple Order Process
7.2. Exceptions and End States
7.3. Swimlanes and Activity Types
7.4. Subprocesses
7.5. Process Levels and the Hierarchical Style
7.6. Parallel Split and Join
7.7. Collaboration and Black-Box Pools
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7.8. Start Events and the Process Instance
7.9. The Top-Level Diagram
7.10. Palette
7.11. Activity
7.12. Task
7.13. Manual vs. User Task
7.14. Script vs. Service Task
7.15. Business Rule Task
7.16. Subprocess
7.17. A subprocess start event must have a None trigger
7.18. Parallel Box and Ad-Hoc Subprocess
TOPIC 8. VISUALIZE END-TO-END PROCESS
8.1. Enable top-down modeling
8.2. Clarify governance boundaries
8.3. Scope event handling
8.4. Call Activity
8.5. Gateway
8.6. Exclusive Gateway
8.7. Parallel Gateway
TOPIC 9. START EVENT
9.1. Message Start Event
9.2. Timer Start Event
9.3. Multiple and Multiple-Parallel Start Event
9.4. Alternative Start Events
9.5. End Event
9.6. None End Event
9.7. Message End Event
9.8. Terminate End Event
9.9. Multiple End Event
9.10. Sequence Flow
9.11. Message Flow
9.12. Pool
9.13. Lane
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9.14. Data Object and Data Store
9.15. Documentation, Text Annotation, and Group
9.16. Goals of the Method
9.17. Hierarchical Top-Down Modeling
9.18. End State
152 The list of references
153 Opinion on the course of lectures
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Introduction
Currently, the effective management of the company cannot be
imagined without the use of advanced information technologies. The
use of the process approach to the management of the company has
allowed to identify the business processes of its activities, and to
identify persons responsible for their implementation. Using software
products available on the market of information systems and
technology, process modeling and analyzing business processes of the
enterprise becomes as easy as possible. The analysis of the
organization's activities is necessary to highlight the existing business
processes, identify problem areas and make recommendations for their
elimination. The use of different methods and analysis tools available in
modern software, such as Bizagi Process Modeler and ARIS allows you
to quickly and accurately optimize the business processes of an
enterprise, which in turn will significantly improve the efficiency of the
company as a whole.
To ensure quality functioning of the enterprise periodically to
analyze and optimize existing business processes, as over time they,
somehow, are undergoing various changes.
The purpose of learning the discipline "Analysis and
optimization of business processes" the formation of professional
competence of future masters in the field of training 09.04.02
Information systems and technology and training data Management
and knowledge acquisition, practical skills for analysing and
optimizing business processes.
Objectives of the discipline:
to study the characteristics of the organization: to highlight
the existing business processes;
to analyze existing business processes to identify problem
areas;
to optimize business processes, taking into account the
elimination of problem areas.
In the process of mastering discipline student are formed the
following professional competence: ability to carry out author's
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supervision of the processes of design, implementation and
maintenance of information systems and technologies (PC – 4); ability
to organize the collaboration with the teams of customer and
developer, managerial decision making under conditions of different
opinions (PC – 5); the ability to find a compromise between the
different requirements (cost, quality, deadlines), with long-range and
short-range planning, finding optimal solutions (PC – 6); ability to
collect, analyze scientific and technical information, domestic and
foreign experience on the subject of the research (PC – 7); ability to
conduct research and development of methods of analysis,
synthesis, optimization and forecasting of quality of functioning of
information systems and technologies (PC – 9); the ability to analyze
the results of experiments, make the choice of optimal solutions,
developing and writing surveys, reports and scientific publications
(PK – 12); to develop methods for solving non-standard tasks and
new methods to solve traditional problems (PC – 15); to carry out
preparation and training of personnel (PC – 17).
As a result of mastering discipline student must know: the
theory of business processes; principles of structuring organizations;
methodology of structural analysis; tooling systems used to describe
business processes; basic principles for analysis and optimization of
business processes. Be able to identify types of business processes
and their features; to apply methodological tools in the
development of quantitative design and optimization of business
processes; to make decisions that enable you to create requirements
to the business processes of the enterprise, consistent with
corporate strategy, priority directions of development and efficiency
criteria.
Have basic methods, ways and means of analysis and
optimization of business processes; tools to design and optimize
business processes, notations describing business processes;
modern information technologies and system analysis in the design
and optimization of business-processes; methods of evaluation and
monitoring of the efficiency of the business processes of the
enterprise.
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