ISSUES IN THE SUBSTANTIVE LEGAL DEFENSE OF DEFENDANTS HAVING BEEN SUBJECT TO ENTRAPMENT IN THE COURSE OF INVESTIGATION Engelgardt Artur Avgustovich, PhD at Law. <...> Place of employment: National Research UniЯersТЭв “TСe HТРСer SМСooХ oП EМonoЦТМs”. <...> E-mail: aengelgardt@hse.ru Annotation This article explores the issues related to the legal implications that arise when law enforcement investigators violate the prohibition to instigate, induce, or incite people directly or directly to commit unlawful acts. <...> National legal scholarship has dedicated significant amount of attention to this issue with regard to criminal responsibility for corruption and illicit traffic in narcotics drugs and psychotropic substances. <...> Nevertheless, only few studies have dealt with entrapment as a complex issue important for many other types of crimes apart from the ones mentioned above. <...> In any case, this holds true for works authored by B.V. Volzhenkin, A.B. Groshev, L. Lobanova, V. S. Komissarov, A.V. Shmonin, P.S. Yani, and others. <...> The scope of this article did not allow for a detailed analysis of provocation and entrapment techniques employed by law enforcement agencies. <...> The issues posed by the topic are analyzed from a systemic and functional perspective based on the statutory and case law approaches to entrapment. <...> The centerpiece of this article deals with the legal characterization of the behavior of the defendants having been subject to entrapment. <...> The arguments presented allow the following conclusions: (a) entrapment and its substantive law characteristic merit more scholarly attention and should not be seen merely as a form of instigation; (b) case law offers a number of valuable guidelines helping distinguish between a lawful experiment and provocation; (c) statutory criminal law could be improved by introducing special concepts describing certain forms of entrapment as an absolute criminal law defense [circumstance precluding wrongfulness]. <...> Статья посвящена проблемам правовой оценки нарушения осуществляющими оперативно-розыскную деятельность органами запрета подстрекать, склонять, побуждать граждан в прямой или косвенной форме к совершению противоправных действий при осуществлении оперативно-розыскной деятельности. <...> Отечественная наука уделила значительное внимание этой проблеме в связи с решением вопросов уголовной ответственности за коррупционные преступления и преступления, сопряженные с незаконным оборотом наркотических <...>