Humanities & Social Sciences 1 (2016 9) 265-290 ~ ~ ~ УДК 504.062 Comparative Analysis of Access and Benefi t Sharing Regimes in India and Russia in Context of Indigenous People and Local Communities Hasrat Arjjumenda Timo Koivurovab a *, Sabiha Alama , and Nikolay G. Shishatskiyc MMAJ Academy of International Studies Jamia Millia Islamia Central University Jamia Nagar, New Delhi – 110025, INDIA b University of Lapland P.O. Box 122, Arktikum House, Pohjoisranta Siberian Federal University 4, Rovaniemi FIN-96101, FINLAND c 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia Received 28.10.2015, received in revised form 30.10.2015, accepted 06.12.2015 Conforming to the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefi ts Arising out of their Utilisation (ABS), India has developed legislation and established statutory mechanisms, while Russia is evolving such legislation. <...> The recognition and space of indigenous people and local communities (ILCs)1 in domestic ABS regimes of Russia and India, and their participation/involvement in processes of international negotiations and domestic law making have been found scarce and inadequate. <...> Keywords: access and benefi t sharing, indigenous people & local communities, Nagoya Protocol, genetic resources, biopiracy, convention on biological diversity, biodiversity governance. <...> But, gradually the monopolization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge © Siberian Federal University. <...> With the increased emphasis on intellectual property rights and private ownerships of products of genetic resources, this view changed over time and the UN Convention on Biological Diversity introduced a new legal framework where the sovereign rights of states over these resources Hasrat Arjjumend, Sabiha Alam… Comparative Analysis of Access and Benefi t Sharing Regimes in India and Russia… were established (Jospeh, 2010). <...> Biopiracy also involves indigenous traditional knowledge (ITK) associated with genetic resources. <...> For the fi rst time in the history of illegal of access genetic resources by corporations and countries, the user the CBD made provisions for fair and equitable sharing of benefi ts (CBD, 1992)2 . <...> On the Convention3 the foundation for the occasion of the Conference of the Parties (COP.10) to (CBD) held on 29 October 2010 in Nagoya, Japan <...>