Light & Engineering Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 29-34, 2015 Svetotekhnika No. 3, 2015, pp. 37-41 CHARACTERISTICS OF RETROFIT LAMPS FOR INCANDESCENT LAMPS Eino Tetri Aalto University, Lighting Unit E-mail: eino.tetri@aalto.fi ABSTRACT There is a global trend to phase out ineffi cient light sources like incandescent lamps from the market through legislation and voluntary measures. <...> The objective of this paper was to fi nd out the characteristics of the replacement lamps for incandescent lamps. <...> Both compact fl uorescent lamps and LED lamps are energy-effi cient alternatives for incandescent lamps. <...> LED lamps have some features that make them more preferable than CFLs, like instant light output, better operation in cold conditions and longer life time. <...> The costs evaluation shows that both LED lamps and CFLs are economical in use even if the purchase prices are higher than the price of incandescent lamp. <...> Keywords: LED, CFL, incandescent, retrofit lamps INTRODUCTION Currently, there is a global trend to phase out ineffi cient light sources from the market through legislation and voluntary measures. <...> In EU, Regulation 244/2009 sets requirements for non-directional lamps typically used in households: incandescent lamps, halogen lamps, compact fl uorescent lamps with integrated ballast (CFLi) and LED-lamps with E27-base [1]. <...> The effi cacy requirements gradually phased out incandescent lamps from market. <...> Since the luminaires in house29 holds are mostly designed for incandescent lamps, in this text the term retrofi t lamp means a lamp with E27-base. <...> Retrofit lamps are CFLi-lamps, LEDlamps or halogen lamps. <...> LED dies are used with direct current and therefore the LED-lamps with E27-base includes necessary current source. <...> Replacement of incandescent lamps is leading to substantial energy savings in household lighting energy [2]. <...> MEASUREMENTS Luminous fl ux and luminous effi cacy Instead of taking notice of the power of the lamp the consumer should buy lumens. <...> Table 1 shows the equivalent lumens for different lamp types and the corresponding power of incandescent lamps. <...> For instance, if the luminous fl ux of a CFL lamp is 850 lm, then the equivalent incandescent lamp power <...>