Журнал Сибирского федерального университета. Биология. Journal of Siberian Federal University/ Biology №4 2009

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Журнал Сибирского федерального университета Journal of Siberian Federal University Биология Biology Редакционный совет академик РАН Е.А.Ваганов академик РАН К.С.Александров академик РАН И.И.Гительзон академик РАН В.Ф.Шабанов чл.-к. РАН, д-р физ.-мат.наук А.Г.Дегерменджи чл.-к. РАН, д-р физ.-мат. наук В.Л.Миронов чл.-к. РАН, д-р техн. наук Г.Л.Пашков чл.-к. РАН, д-р физ.-мат. наук В.В.Шайдуров академик РАО, д-р физ.-мат. наук В.С. Соколов Editorial Advisory Board Chairman: Eugene A. Vaganov Members: Kirill S. Alexandrov Josef J. Gitelzon Vasily F. Shabanov Andrey G. Degermendzhy Valery L. Mironov Gennady L. Pashkov Vladimir V. Shaidurov Veniamin S. Sokolov Editorial Board: Editor-in-Chief: Mikhail I. Gladyshev Founding Editor: Vladimir I. Kolmakov Managing Editor: Olga F. Alexandrova Executive Editor for Biology: Nadezhda N.Sushchik Корректор Т.Е. Бастрыгина Компьютерная верстка Е.В. Гревцовой Подписано в печать 21.12.2009 г. Формат 84x108/16. Усл. печ. л. 9,6. Уч.-изд. л. 9,1. Бумага тип. Печать офсетная. Тираж 1000 экз. Заказ 1761. Отпечатано в ИПК СФУ. 660041 Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 82a. Svetlana E. Medvedeva, Nataliya A.Tyulkova, Alexander M. Kuznetsov, Emma K. Rodicheva Bioluminescent Bioassays Based on Luminous Bacteria – 418 – Ekaterina I. Shishatskaya, Anastasya V. Goreva, Galina S. Kalacheva, Tatiana G. Volova Distribution and Resorption of Intravenously Administrated Polymer Microparticles in Tissues of Internal Organs of Laboratory Animals – 453 – CONTENTS / СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Michail I. Gladyshev Stable Isotope Analyses in Aquatic Ecology (a review) – 381 – Igor G.Prokopkin, Vladimir I. Kolmakov, Vladimir G. Gubanov , Michail I. Gladyshev Theoretical Analysis of the Potential of Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix in the Control of Water Blooming by Different Species of Cyanobacteria – 403 – 2009 2 (4)

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Editorial board for Biology: Sergey I. Bartsev Alexander Y. Bolsunovsky Tatiana G. Volova Eugene S. Vysotski Nikolai A. Gaevsky Egor S. Zadereev Valentina A. Kratasyuk Elena N. Muratova J. Woodland Hastings Frank D. Salisbury Malcolm K. Hughes Ernst-Detlef Schulze Akira Osawa Takayoshi Koike Marc D’Alarcao Vladimir G. Gubanov , Yury V. Barkhatov, Nikolai S. Manukovsky, Alexander A. Tikhomirov, Andrey G. Degermendzhy, Jean-Bernard B. Gross, Christophe Lasseur Mathematical and Computer Simulation of the Biological Life Support System Module 1/2. Description of the Model – 466 – Vladimir G. Gubanov , Yury V. Barkhatov, Nikolai S. Manukovsky, Sofya A. Ushakova, Iliada V. Gribovskaya, Alexander A. Tikhomirov, Andrey G. Degermendzhy, Jean-Bernard R. Gross, Christophe Lasseur Mathematical and Computer Simulation of the Biological Life Support System Module 2/2. Verification of the Model and Scenarios Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ ПИ № ФС77-28-725 от 29.06.2007 г. – 481 –

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Journal of Siberian Federal University. Biology 4 (2009 2) 381-402 ~ ~ ~ УДК 574.58 +577.1 Stable Isotope Analyses in Aquatic Ecology (a review) Michail I. Gladyshev* Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia Siberian Federal University 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041 Russia 1 Received 7.12.2009, received in revised form 14.12.2009, accepted 21.12.2009 Theory and practice of analyses of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen for food trophic studies in aquatic ecology are regarded basing on literature, published primarily in the last decade. Methods of measuring of the stable isotope ratios, δ13 C and δ15 specifi c isotope analyses. Differences in isotopic signatures between terrestrial and aquatic organisms as well as between taxa and life forms and habitats are generalized. Trophic fractionation of 15 N, are described including those of compound N as the basis of quantitative estimation of trophic positions of organisms is described. Environmental factors affecting values of isotope ratios and limitations of the stable isotope method are discussed. Novel conceptions of aquatic ecology, developed on the basis of the stable isotope analyses are listed. As concluded, the stable isotopes are becoming a standard analytical tool in food web ecology. Careful use must be made of this tool, however. Keywords: stable isotopes, aquatic ecosystems, trophic fractionation, trophic position Introduction Development of methods and equipments is one of the driving forces of progress of any science. Over the past two decades stable isotope analysis (SIA) has become an important technique in ecology. Stable isotopes of elements occurring in nature often form spatial and temporal patterns in their distributions in inorganic materials which are transferred to living organisms and so can be used to track their migrations. For instance, isotopic analysis of fi sh otoliths could be used to document migration patterns of fi sh species encountering coastal marine, estuarine, river, and lake environments throughout its life cycle (Hobson, 1999). The molecular isotopic signature of environmental contaminants can allocate a * Corresponding author E-mail address: glad@ibp.ru 1 © Siberian Federal University. All rights reserved # 381 # contamination to a specifi c source in order to allow appropriate means of risk reduction and/or to identify responsible parties in litigation (Schmidt et al., 2004). Many stable isotopes, those of metals, sulfur (34 including S) and deuterium can be used for above studies. However a majority of ecologists use stable C) and nitrogen (15 isotopes of carbon (13 N) for examining trophic interactions and elucidating energy fl ow pathways through food webs and ecosystems. There are two main interrelated problems, solved on the basis of SIA. Firstly, the stable isotope analysis has increasingly being used for unraveling the structure of food webs (e.g., Pel et al., 2003). Secondly, SIA is used to trace fl ows and to estimate the relative importance of

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