Иванова ОБУЧЕНИЕ ЧТЕНИЕ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ НА АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ ПО СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТИ «ВЫСОКОТОЧНЫЕ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫЕ АППАРАТЫ» Учебно-методическое пособие Москва Издательство МГТУ им. <...> И20 Обучение чтению литературы на английском языке по специальности «Высокоточные летательные аппараты»: Учеб.-метод. пособие. — М.: Изд-во МГТУ им. <...> Translate the following word combinations essential ingredients; display and signaling purposes; standard military tool; the early 14th century cannon; black powder charge; the discovery of vast deposits; related developments; 4 прогнозировать запал выбрасывать, выталкивать относиться оставаться a by-product of soap manufacture; the behavior of NG-based explosives; to remain highly unpredictable; to result in numerous accidents; to absorb up to three times its own weight; leak resistant paste; numerous advances; fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate; shock tube based detonator; water-in-oil emulsion explosives. 2. <...> But the behavior of the NG-based explosives still remained highly unpredictable resulting in numerous accidents and fatalities. 2. <...> Its use accelerated with the discovery of vast deposits of sodium nitrate in Chile in 1840. 3. <...> In the detonation process a shock front propagates at a characteristic velocity into the unreacted explosive at very high pressures and temperatures. 3. <...> Give the meanings of the international words: initial, incident, powder, ingredients, credit, mixtures, deposits, to be pioneered by, accidents, to absorb, to convert, personnel. 4. <...> The energy from an open-air explosion results in compression of surrounding air which gives rise to a rapidly propagating shock wave. 2. <...> The additional hazards resulting from an explosion include the explosion fireball, secondary fragments, perforation and spalling. 5 3. <...> Seismic vibrations caused by ground shock can result in some damage to structures located at a considerable distance from the site of explosion. 4. <...> The resulting heat may further increase the rate of reaction and may eventually lead to a self-sustained reaction known as “deflagration”. 6. <...> This clear asymmetry can only result if the width of the shock front is approximately one particle diameter or less. 5. <...> Historical Developments It is difficult to speak of modern explosives without referring to black powder. <...> The discovery of black powder probably precedes its actual use. <...> Its essential <...>
_Обучение_чтению_литературы_на_английском_языке_по_специальности_«Высокоточные_летательные_аппараты».pdf
УДК 802.0
ББК 81.2 Англ-923
И20
Рецензент З.А. Заболотская
Иванова Л.И.
И20
Обучение чтению литературы на английском языке по
специальности «Высокоточные летательные аппараты»:
Учеб.-метод. пособие. — М.: Изд-во МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана,
2007. — 44 с.: ил.
Пособие содержит тексты из оригинальной научно-технической
литературы на английском языке, словарные блоки, а также лексико-грамматические
упражнения, способствующие развитию навыков
перевода литературы по специальности и устной речи, связанной
с профессиональной проблематикой.
Для студентов 3-го и 4-го курсов, обучающихся по специальности
«Высокоточные летательные аппараты».
УДК 802.0
ББК 81.2 Англ-923
© Иванова Л.И., 2007
© МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, 2007
2
Стр.2
CONTENS
Предисловие ....................................................................................3
Unit I..................................................................................................4
New Words ................................................................................4
Text IA. Historical Developments .............................................6
Text IB. Explosion Process ........................................................9
Unit II...............................................................................................12
New Words ..............................................................................12
Text IIA. Types of Hazards......................................................14
Text IIВ. Physics of Explosion Hazards ..................................17
Text IIC. Blast Inhibitor Protection .........................................20
Special Materials, LTD............................................................20
Text IID. Types of Post Blast Evidence...................................25
Unit III .............................................................................................28
New Words ..............................................................................28
Text IIIA. The Effect of Shock Duration on the Dynamic
Consolidation of Powders (California Institute
of Technology)....................................................................30
Text IIIB. Reflection of Blast Waves.......................................34
Supplementary Texts ......................................................................37
Text 1. Ammonium Nitrate (AN) ............................................37
Text 2. Ammonium nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO) ..........................38
Text 3. Interaction of Blast Wave with Structures...................39
Text 4. Missile Impact on Concrete.........................................40
Cписок литературы.......................................................................42
43
Стр.43