International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
June
2010
#6
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Founders: E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
International Association «Welding»
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Publisher: International Association «Welding»
CONTENTS
Editorial board:
Yu. <...> N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
Krivtsun I.V., Demchenko V.F. and Krikent I.V. Model of the
processes of heat, mass and charge transfer in the anode
region and column of the welding arc with refractory cathode ............... 2
Makhnenko V.I., Markashova L.I., Berdnikova E.N., Shekera
V.M. and Onoprienko E.M. Kinetics of corrosion crack growth
in 17G1S pipe steel ............................................................................ 10
International editorial council:
N.P.Alyoshin
U.Diltey
Guan Qiao
D. von Hofe
V.I.Lysak
N.I.Nikiforov
B.E.Paton
Ya. <...> Copies of individual articles may be obtained
from the Publisher.
© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2010
NEWS
Solemn Meeting dedicated to the Jubilee of Victory in the
Great Patriotic War ............................................................................. 46
INFORMATION
Automatic machines ADTs 625, ADTs 626 and ADTs 627 for
orbital welding of pipelines .................................................................. 47
MODEL OF THE PROCESSES OF HEAT,
MASS AND CHARGE TRANSFER IN THE ANODE REGION
AND COLUMN OF THE WELDING ARC
WITH REFRACTORY CATHODE
1
1
2
I.V. KRIVTSUN , V.F. DEMCHENKO and I.V. KRIKENT
1
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
2
Dneprodzerzhinsk State Technical University, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Ukraine
The main difference of the proposed mathematical model of the welding arc from the known ones describing the
atmospheric-pressure arcs is allowance for the multi-component composition of the arc plasma, which is caused by
evaporation of the anode metal and convective diffusion of metal vapours in the arc column. <...> The model can be used for
numerical analysis of thermal, gas-dynamic and electromagnetic characteristics of the arc plasma in inert-gas tungstenelectrode and plasma welding, as well as for modelling of thermal and dynamic effects of the arc on the weld pool
surface. <...> K e y w <...>
The_Paton_Welding_Journal_№6_2010.pdf
International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
June
2010
# 6
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Yu.S.Borisov V.F.Khorunov
A.Ya.Ishchenko I.V.Krivtsun
B.V.Khitrovskaya L.M.Lobanov
V.I.Kirian A.A.Mazur
S.I.Kuchuk-Yatsenko
Yu.N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
CONTENTS
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
. and
. Model of the
processes of heat, mass and charge transfer in the anode
region and column of the welding arc with refractory cathode ............... 2
. and
. Kinetics of corrosion crack growth
in 17G1S pipe steel ............................................................................ 10
. and
. Numerical calculation of
N.P.Alyoshin (Russia)
U.Diltey (Germany)
Guan Qiao (China)
D. von Hofe (Germany)
V.I.Lysak (Russia)
N.I.Nikiforov (Russia)
B.E.Paton (Ukraine)
Ya.Pilarczyk (Poland)
P.Seyffarth (Germany)
G.A.Turichin (Russia)
Zhang Yanmin (China)
A.S.Zubchenko (Russia)
V.N.Lipodaev, V.I.Lokteva
A.T.Zelnichenko (exec. director)
A.A.Fomin, O.S.Kurochko,
I.N.Kutianova, T.K.Vasilenko
N.A.Dmitrieva
D.I.Sereda, T.Yu.Snegiryova
thermal processes in centrifugal plasma powder cladding .................... 13
. and
. Features of damageability of
steam pipeline welded joints by the creep mechanism ......................... 19
. Elimination of undercuts in EBW with complete
and incomplete penetration ................................................................. 22
. Influence of main technological parameters of the
plasma cladding process on properties of composite
deposited metal .................................................................................. 25
INDUSTRIAL
. and
. Magnetically-impelled arc
butt welding of parts of automobile range of products ......................... 28
. and
Laser-arc hybrid
welding processes (Review) ................................................................ 32
. and
.
Manufacture of drill bits for production of dispersed methane
in mine working .................................................................................. 41
State Registration Certificate
KV 4790 of 09.01.2001
$324, 12 issues per year,
postage and packaging included.
Back issues available.
All rights reserved.
This publication and each of the articles
contained herein are protected by copyright.
Permission to reproduce material contained in
this journal must be obtained in writing from
the Publisher.
Copies of individual articles may be obtained
from the Publisher.
© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2010
INFORMATION
Automatic machines ADTs 625, ADTs 626 and ADTs 627 for
orbital welding of pipelines .................................................................. 47
BRIEF INFORMATION
. and
NEWS
Solemn Meeting dedicated to the Jubilee of Victory in the
Great Patriotic War ............................................................................. 46
. Application of pulse
electromagnetic effects to control the process of electrode
metal transfer in arc welding ............................................................... 44
Pub
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ssocia
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o
ard:
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ivt
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khne
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Стр.1
MODEL OF THE PROCESSES OF HEAT,
MASS AND CHARGE TRANSFER IN THE ANODE REGION
AND COLUMN OF THE WELDING ARC
WITH REFRACTORY CATHODE
2Dneprodzerzhinsk State Technical University, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Ukraine
I.V. KRIVTSUN1, V.F. DEMCHENKO1 and I.V. KRIKENT2
1E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
The main difference of the proposed mathematical model of the welding arc from the known ones describing the
atmospheric-pressure arcs is allowance for the multi-component composition of the arc plasma, which is caused by
evaporation of the anode metal and convective diffusion of metal vapours in the arc column. The model can be used for
numerical analysis of thermal, gas-dynamic and electromagnetic characteristics of the arc plasma in inert-gas tungstenelectrode
and plasma welding, as well as for modelling of thermal and dynamic effects of the arc on the weld pool
surface.
Keywords: tungsten-electrode welding, plasma welding,
electric arc, arc column, multi-component plasma, anode region,
anode potential drop, mathematical model
Many models are available for numerical investigation
of the processes of energy, impulse, mass and charge
transfer in plasma of the electric arc, as well as of the
processes of its interaction with electrodes using different
arc welding methods [1—14]. However, most
of them assume that the arc plasma is one-component,
i.e. containing atoms and ions of a shielding or plasma
gas, which is the inert one in the majority of cases.
As a rule, plasma of the real welding arcs is multicomponent,
as along with gas particles it also contains
atoms and ions of an evaporating material of electrodes,
and anode in the first turn. Therefore, it is
necessary to allow for the multi-component nature of
the arc plasma in development of an adequate mathematical
model.
Such a model must have another important characteristic
– self-consistency, which makes it possible
to allow for relationship between the physical processes
occurring at electrodes and in near-electrode
plasma regions and processes occurring in the arc column.
It should be noted that the majority of studies
dedicated to integrated modelling of the electric (including
welding) arc use fairly simplified models of
the near-electrode regions [4, 6, 9—12], whereas studies
dedicated to investigation of the near-electrode
phenomena (e.g. [15] and references given in it) pay
an insufficient attention to the processes occurring in
the arc column.
As theories of the cathode phenomena, as well as
processes occurring in the near-cathode plasma of the
electric arc with a refractory (non-evaporating) cathode
are adequately elaborated [16—19], the purpose
of the present study consists in development of the
self-consistent mathematical model of physical processes
taking place in the anode region and welding
arc column (electric arc with the evaporating anode)
in inert-gas tungsten-electrode and plasma welding
(Figure 1).
Processes occurring in the arc plasma adjoining
the surface of the evaporating anode are described by
using the approach suggested in studies [20—22], according
to which the near-anode plasma is conditionally
subdivided into three zones (Figure 2).
The first zone directly adjoining the anode surface
Figure 1. Schematics of plasma (a) and TIG (b) welding: 1 –
plasma-shaping nozzle; 2 – refractory electrode (cathode); 3 –
shielding gas nozzle; 4 – arc column; 5 – anode region of the
arc; 6 – weld pool; 7 – workpiece (anode)
© I.V. KRIVTSUN, V.F. DEMCHENKO and I.V. KRIKENT, 2010
2
is a layer of the space charge, wherein the condition
of quasi-neutrality of the plasma in violated and the
main potential drop takes place between the plasma
and anode. This layer can be considered collisionless,
as under a pressure close to the atmospheric one and
at electron temperature Te ~ 1 eV characteristic of the
conditions under investigation [23, 24], thickness of
6/2010
Стр.2