УДК 811.111'342(075.8)
ББК 81.2Англ-1-923
К93
Курашкина Н.А.
К93
Основы фонетики английского языка. The Essentials of English
рhonetics [Электронный ресурс]: учеб. пособие / Н.А. Курашкина. —
М. : ФЛИНТА, 2013. — 140 с.
ISBN 978-5-9765-1611-3
В настоящем пособии раскрываются основы английской фонетики:
работа органов речи, классификация гласных и согласных фонем, явления
ассимиляции и адаптации, слогоделение и словесное ударение, сильные
и слабые формы служебных слов, интонация. Предлагаемый материал
разбит на шесть модулей в соответствии с рабочим планом дисциплины
и имеет целью развитие навыков имитации, воспроизведения и создания
основных фонетических структур в различных видах речевой деятельности.
Каждый модуль сочетает в себе теоретические и практические задания
для овладения и закрепления полученных знаний во время аудиторных
занятий и в ходе самостоятельной работы.
Пособие предназначено для подготовки бакалавров по направлению
032700 — «Филология», профиль «Зарубежная филология».
УДК 811.111'342(075.8)
ББК 81.2Англ-1-923
ISBN 978-5-9765-1611-3
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© Курашкина Н.А., 2013
© Издательство «ФЛИНТА», 2013
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CONTENTS
Preface / Предисловие .....................................................................................5
MODULE I. The Speech Organs. English Consonant Phonemes ..............7
1. The Speech Organs (Articulators) and Their Functions.
The Production of Speech Sounds ................................................................7
2. The Classification of English Consonant Phonemes ..................................10
3. Occlusive Noise Plosive Consonants [p, b, t, d, k, g] ................................12
4. Occlusive Affricative Consonants [¶, ³] ...................................................15
5. Occlusive Nasal Sonorants [m, n, ŋ] ..........................................................16
6. Consonants in Contact ................................................................................18
MODULE II. English Consonant Phonemes (continuation) ......................23
1. Constrictive Noise Fricative Consonants [f, v, s, z, θ, ð, ʃ, Z, h] ................23
2. Linking of Words ........................................................................................29
3. Constrictive Sonorants [w, r, j, l] ................................................................32
4. Assimilation ................................................................................................36
5. Consonants in Contact. Absence of Assimilation .......................................39
6. Reduction of Function Words. Strong and Weak Forms ............................41
MODULE III. English Vowel Phonemes ....................................................45
1. The Classification of English Vowel Phonemes .........................................45
2. Front and Front-retracted Vowels [i:, i, e, {]. Diphthongs
with the Front and Front-retracted Nuclei [ei, eə, iə, ai, aυ] .....................47
3. Central Vowels [Æ:, ə, ö] .............................................................................52
4. Back and Back-advanced Vowels [¸, ɒ, ɔ:, υ, u:]. Diphthongs
with the Central, Back and Back-advanced Nuclei [əυ, υə, ɔi] .................58
5. Consonants and Vowels in Contact. Adaptation (Accomodation) ..............63
6. Revision ......................................................................................................65
MODULE IV. Intonation: Basic Nuclear Tones .........................................70
1. Intonation and Its Components. The Structure of a Tone-unit ...................70
2. Syllable Structure and Word Stress ............................................................76
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3. Basic Nuclear Tones: the Fall-Rise divided. Polysyllabic Preheads.
Types of Heads ...........................................................................................82
4. Basic Nuclear Tones: the Rise-Fall, the Rise-Fall-Rise .............................85
MODULE V. Intonation: Basic Patterns ....................................................88
1. Intonation of General and Special Questions (Wh-questions) ...................88
2. Intonation of Alternative and Disjunctive Questions (Tag-questions) .......93
3. Intonation of Imperative Sentences ............................................................96
4. Intonation of Exclamatory Sentences .........................................................98
5. Intonation of Statements ...........................................................................101
MODULE VI. Intonation of Non-final Tone-Units ..................................103
1. Intonation of Enumeration ........................................................................104
2. Intonation of Adverbial Phrases and Subject Groups ...............................105
3. Intonation of Initial Subordinate Clauses .................................................107
4. Intonation of Initial Author’s Words in Complex Sentences ....................108
5. Intonation of Parenthetical Words and Phrases ........................................109
KEY ..............................................................................................................115
Appendix 1 List of Phonetic Symbols .........................................................122
Appendix 2 List of Strong and Weak Forms ................................................123
Appendix 3 Phonetic Terminology ..............................................................129
REFERENCES ............................................................................................138
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