International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
December
2012
# 12
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Founders: E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
International Association «Welding»
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Publisher: International Association «Welding»
CONTENTS
Editorial board:
Yu. <...> N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
Makhnenko V.I., Velikoivanenko E.A., Rozynka G.F. and
Pivtorak N.I. Consideration of pore formation at estimation of
limiting state in zone of pressure vessel wall thinning defect ................. 2
Kostin V.A., Grigorenko G.M., Poznyakov V.D., Zhdanov S.L.,
Solomijchuk T.G., Zuber T.A. and Maksimenko A.A. Influence
of welding thermal cycle on structure and properties of
microalloyed structural steels ............................................................... 8
International editorial council:
N.P.Alyoshin
U.Diltey
Guan Qiao
D. von Hofe
V.I.Lysak
N.I.Nikiforov
B.E.Paton
Ya. <...> K e y w o r d s : steel pressure vessels, development of
plastic flow, limiting state, pore formation, fracture
zone, criteria of fracture involving pores, spontaneous
fracture
Operational defects of wall thinning in current
welded pressure vessels are the most widely identified defects of long-term service structures
(main pipeline, oil and gas storages, tank cars
etc.). <...> The pores are nucleated in an arbitrary finite
element (structural volume) under isothermic
conditions, when intensity of plastic strain εpi
is more than specified value (εpi )n and they are
uniformly distributed along the element volume, i.e. concentration of pores per unit of element volume is
ρV =
Vp
V f.e
at εpi ≥ (εpi )n,
ρV = 0 at εpi < (εpi )n ,
(1)
where Vp is the pore volume; Vf.e is the element
volume without pores. <...> Besides, realization of flow conditions and criteria of limiting state requires consideration of
)
net-stress in sections of finite elements, i.e. σ(k
ij
values from solution <...>
The_Paton_Welding_Journal_№12_2012.pdf
International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
December
2012
# 12
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Yu.S.Borisov V.F.Khorunov
A.Ya.Ishchenko I.V.Krivtsun
B.V.Khitrovskaya L.M.Lobanov
V.I.Kyrian A.A.Mazur
S.I.Kuchuk-Yatsenko
Yu.N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
CONTENTS
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
. and
. Consideration of pore formation at estimation of
limiting state in zone of pressure vessel wall thinning defect ................. 2
. and
. and
N.P.Alyoshin (Russia)
U.Diltey (Germany)
Guan Qiao (China)
D. von Hofe (Germany)
V.I.Lysak (Russia)
N.I.Nikiforov (Russia)
B.E.Paton (Ukraine)
Ya.Pilarczyk (Poland)
G.A.Turichin (Russia)
Zhang Yanmin (China)
A.S.Zubchenko (Russia)
V.N.Lipodaev, V.I.Lokteva
A.T.Zelnichenko (exec. director)
A.A.Fomin, O.S.Kurochko,
I.N.Kutianova, T.K.Vasilenko
N.A.Dmitrieva
D.I.Sereda, T.Yu.Snegiryova
. and
.
Peculiarities of laser-arc welding of titanium alloys ............................... 32
. Corrosion-fatigue strength of 12Kh18N10T
steel T-joints and methods of its improvement ..................................... 36
. and
. Influence
State Registration Certificate
KV 4790 of 09.01.2001
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Back issues available.
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This publication and each of the articles
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Permission to reproduce material contained in
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© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2012
of content of iron powder and compounds of alkali metals in
the composition of electrode coating on their sanitaryhygienic
characteristics ....................................................................... 38
. Modern welding market of the North
America .............................................................................................. 41
NEWS
Opening of Laser Center in Kirov, RF ................................................... 44
International Specialised Exhibition of Welding Consumables,
Equipment and Technologies «Weldex/Rossvarka 2012» ...................... 46
Index of articles for TPWJ’2012, Nos. 1—12 ......................................... 49
List of authors ..................................................................................... 53
. and
.
Effectiveness of various variants of electrodynamic treatment
of AMg6 alloy and its welded joints ...................................................... 26
. Residual stresses in
circumferential butt joints in the main gas pipeline at
long-term service in the North ............................................................. 15
.
and
. Formation of spinel in melt of the
MgO—Al2O3—SiO2—CaF2 system agglomerated welding flux and
its effect on viscosity of slag ............................................................... 18
INDUSTRIAL
. Influence
of welding thermal cycle on structure and properties of
microalloyed structural steels ............................................................... 8
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Makovetskaya O.K
Стр.1
CONSIDERATION OF PORE FORMATION
AT ESTIMATION OF LIMITING STATE IN ZONE
OF PRESSURE VESSEL WALL THINNING DEFECT
V.I. MAKHNENKO, E.A. VELIKOIVANENKO, G.F. ROZYNKA and N.I. PIVTORAK
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
The tough fracture models allowing for pores forming in plastic flow either at non-metallic inclusions or
in matrix from the microcracks that do not propagate by cleavage mechanism provide for the corresponding
algorithms of growth of the pore due to plastic strains and respective redistribution of the stress-strain
state. At present, the interest in these models is determined by growth of the scope of prediction and expert
estimates for the welded structures, based on calculation estimation of the limiting state. In a number of
cases, in view of the trend to utilization of high-strength and sufficiently ductile materials in the welded
structures, the limiting state occurs under the tough deformation conditions at the rigid stressed state,
which contribute to the pore formation. Fracture as a result takes place at relatively small plastic strains
that rapidly reduce deformation capacity of corresponding welded assemblies before fracture.
Keywords: steel pressure vessels, development of
plastic flow, limiting state, pore formation,
fracture
zone, criteria of fracture involving pores, spontaneous
fracture
Operational defects of wall thinning in current
welded pressure vessels are the most widely identified
defects of long-term service structures
(main pipeline, oil and gas storages, tank cars
etc.). At periodic technical diagnostics of such
structures the identified defects are estimated
from point of view of safe operation of the structure
for a period at least up to the next technical
diagnostics. Specific rules based on corresponding
calculation and experimental investigations
are applied at that. These rules are improved
according to accumulation of facts of their application,
change of operation conditions for specific
type of structures, development of calculation
models of loading (fracture) as well as methods
of realization of these models.
Observed significant progress in computer engineering,
deformation and fracture mechanics
of structural materials, respectively, provides for
realization of the more complex physical models.
It is a good basis for development of more detailed
models of behavior of structural material at deformation
(in stage close to fracture) as well as
at fracture to certain extent. This makes the calculation
approaches to prediction of a limiting
state for complex cases of deformation sufficiently
suitable to that is observed in experiment
allowing reducing the scope of expensive experiments.
Such an approach is connected with attraction
of additional physical and mathematical
2
models for development of information related
with the coming of limiting state. Work in this
direction is actively performed in different countries.
Works of scientists of Siberian school of
Prof. V.E. Panin in scope of new scientific direction,
i.e. physical mesomechanics of materials
[1], are worthy of notice among the current investigations.
Deformation of
material
on
mesolevel, i.e. considering significant physical
discontinuity determined by presence of different
interfaces (for example, gain boundary) with further
estimation of reaction of material on
macrolevel by means of average of characteristics
of stress-strain state along representative mesovolume
is considered in scope of this direction.
Primitive example of inelastic material behavior
according to [1] is a «shear + rotation» that allows
preserving continuity condition up to fracture.
The latter is a final stage of material fragmentation
on macrolevel when global shear buckling
takes place.
Pore formation in many cases is an important
phase of material deformation before fracture
stage. The pores are formed in plastic flow at
non-metallic inclusions or in matrix from the microcracks
that do not propagate by cleavage
mechanism, i.e. being almost essential attribute
of material tough fracture. It is not surprising
that a great attention is paid to the issue of formation
and growth of pores at tough fracture of
materials [2—4]. Initial dimensions of appearing
pores are not large around 1 μm as a rule. Therefore,
their influence on deformation processes and
fracture can be considered in scope of mesolevel
© V.I. MAKHNENKO, E.A. VELIKOIVANENKO, G.F. ROZYNKA and N.I. PIVTORAK, 2012
12/2012
Стр.2