Humanities & Social Sciences 11 (2016 9) 2756-2764 ~ ~ ~ УДК 332.135 Mental Bases of National Security of the Baikal Subregion in the Euroasian Space Inna V. Antokhonova* East Siberia State University of Technology and Management 40V Klyuchevskaya Str., Ulan-Ude, 670013, Russia Received 30.05.2016, received in revised form 26.07.2016, accepted 15.09.2016 The escalated competition and complicated geopolitical processes bring to the fore the issues of the national security of Russia and its border territories. <...> The aspects of the economic relations development in eastern regions which directly adjoin the Asian states in the conditions of the international sanctions, falling of oil price and orientation to the east are ambiguous. <...> The objective of this research is the development of conceptual bases of the national security in the Baikal subregion taking into account changes of human mentality in the conditions of market relations. <...> The methods are based on Toynbee civilization approach and the need of preservation and development of the local civilization. <...> The article presents results of households’ selective inspection in the border municipal districts of Buryatia on the basis of the universal questionnaire within the scientifi c project of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. <...> The study determines economic interests and criteria of preservation of the main component of territories’ capacity: human resources. <...> The research is carried out with the fi nancial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Government of the Republic of Buryatia (project No. 15-46-04388). <...> Introduction New challenges of global economy and formation of the multipolar world defi ne the problems development of of national preserving the sustainable economies. <...> Border development of regions of Russia in the Euroasian space is especially relevant. <...> Sustainable civilized development includes issues of national, economic, social, cultural and ecological security. <...> In open economy there is a paradigm shift of mental behaviour, the eastern type of mentality is leaving metropolises and the regional centers and is replaced by the western style of behaviour. <...> Mental Bases of National Security of the Baikal Subregion in the Euroasian Space In such conditions the worthy answer to the challenges of global economy is possible from the consolidated socially related society with effective and representative elite which have former traditions in mentality and the developing system of values. <...> There is an objective need for scientifi c the strategy justifi cation <...>