As a result, the distribution of phytopathogenic fungi may obviously change. <...> Particularly, in 1985 a new disease of wheat yellow leaf spot appeared in the European south of Russia (Krasnodar Region) (E.F. Granina et al., 1989). <...> In 2005-2007 the causal agent of yellow leaf spot was found on wheat in NorthWestern Region of Russia. <...> On some cultivars the disease severity reached 70 %, and pathogens become more virulent and viable. <...> Despite the North Caucasus and the Far East were specific areas for in Russia, since 2003 North Germany (T. Miedaner et al., 2008) and Finland (T. Yli-Mattila et al., 2010). <...> Recently predominates on cereals in the Netherlands (J. Arts et al., 2003), GB (P. Jennings et al., 2004), predominates among species causing wheat glum blotch, and in the North-West it is In 2003-2005, became the main wheat pathogen in the North-Western Russia. <...> On susceptible spring wheat cultivars the disease was found in 51 to 100 % plants, with a severity of 8 to 30 %. <...> These observations suggest that global warming of climate leads to an expansion of thermophilic fungi species, and pathogens begin to spread from the south to the north. soil fungi are influenced by climatic factors. <...> They form the overwintering structures that protect them from external influences. <...> Increasing the temperature can lead to a decrease of the latent period and to increase of pathogens aggressiveness. <...> Temperature can influence the function of the parasites virulence genes and resistance genes in plants. <...> Thus, it is necessary to control the emergence of new plant diseases, improve protective measures, and develop cultivars with high adaptability. <...> Keywords: climate change, phytopathogenic fungi, soil microorganisms, bioecology of microorganisms, environment conditions. <...> Information about these changes will be critical for creating science-based systems of integrated plant protection and improvement of soil fertility. <...> The sp r e a d o f p l a nt d i s e a s e s und e r g lo b a l wa rmin g. In 1985, a new disease of wheat yellow leaf spot caused by the (Died.) Drechsler fungus was identified in the Krasnodar Territory [2]. <...> Population analysis <...>