Section GROWTH and DEVELOPMENT 59 childhood somatotypes signifi cantly differ in the results of the Philippine test only at the age of 7 years, when children have positive and negative values. <...> Complete replacement of milk teeth with the permanent ones occurs in girl of type D at 10 years, of type M – at 11 years, of types T and A – at 12 years. <...> In boys constitutional differences in teeth replacement are more pronounced before 11 years, while at the fi nal stage (up to 13 years) they develop more synchronously. <...> Variations of the loss of primary teeth in the representatives of different somatotypes are stronger than in the eruption of the permanent dentition. <...> Key words: children, somatotypes, different criteria of biological age Contact information: Panasyuk Tatiana, e-mail: gegam11@yandex.ru. <...> SECULAR CHANGES OF ADIPOSITY AND PHYSICAL FITNESS DURING EARLY GROWTH Pařнzkovб Jana1 Republic 3 , Sedlak P.2 , Vignerovб J.3 1Obesity Management Centre, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic 2Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Prague, Czech Republic Secular changes of somatic growth, body composition and functional capacity has concerned not only school children and adolescents, but also preschool age children. <...> Highest level of spontaneous physical activity (PA) was found in Czech preschool children, with its following signifi cant decrease in school and adult age. <...> Since the 1950‘3-70‘s up to the fi rst decade of this millenium, signifi cant increase of adiposity, especially on the trunk (evaluated by skinfold thickness measurements) was revealed in Czech preschool children. <...> Increased adiposity was accompanied by signifi cant deterioration of motor developement (evaluated by motor tests – broad jump and ball throw, as markers of the adaptation to exercise) which has been considered as the result of PA reduction along last decades. <...> Changes of lifestyle concerning nutrition and PA have therefore negatively infl uenced Czech growing population especially during the period of adiposity rebound (AR), which has been also occurring at a signifi cantly lower age as compared to previous decades: Earlier start <...>