International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
March
2012
#3
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Founders: E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
International Association «Welding»
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Publisher: International Association «Welding»
CONTENTS
Editorial board:
Yu. <...> N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
Krikent I.V., Krivtsun I.V. and Demchenko V.F.
Modelling of processes of heat-, mass- and electric
transfer in column and anode region of arc with
refractory cathode .................................................................. 2
Lobanov L.M., Pashchin N.A. and Mikhoduj O.L.
International editorial council:
N.P.Alyoshin
U.Diltey
Guan Qiao
D. von Hofe
V.I.Lysak
N.I.Nikiforov
B.E.Paton
Ya. <...> Copies of individual articles may be obtained
from the Publisher.
© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2012
Efficiency of electrodynamic treatment of welded joints
of AMg6 alloy of different thickness ......................................... 6
Poletaev Yu. <...> P., Sineok
A.G. and Yashnik A.N. Cold resistance and lamellar
fracture resistance of welded joints on steel 06GB-390 ............ 35
Koleda V.N. Improvement of the technology for
submerged-arc welding of copper to steel ............................... 39
Development of technology of automatic submerged
arc welding of armor steels ..................................................... 44
BRIEF INFORMATION
News ..................................................................................... 46
MODELLING OF PROCESSES OF HEAT-, MASSAND ELECTRIC TRANSFER IN COLUMN
AND ANODE REGION OF ARC
WITH REFRACTORY CATHODE
1
2
2
I.V. KRIKENT , I.V. KRIVTSUN and V.F. DEMCHENKO
Dneprodzerzhinsk State Technical University, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Ukraine
2
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
1
Numerical analysis of thermal, electromagnetic and gas-dynamic characteristics of plasma of free-burning arc in argon
at atmospheric pressure with tungsten cathode and copper water-cooled anode was performed in the anode region and
column of welding arc based on self-consistent mathematic model of processes of heat-, mass- and electric transfer. <...> Results
of calculation of current density on the anode and heat flow in the anode are compared with the available experimental
data. <...> It is shown <...>
The_Paton_Welding_Journal_№3_2012.pdf
International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
March
2012
# 3
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Yu.S.Borisov V.F.Khorunov
A.Ya.Ishchenko I.V.Krivtsun
B.V.Khitrovskaya L.M.Lobanov
V.I.Kyrian A.A.Mazur
S.I.Kuchuk-Yatsenko
Yu.N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
CONTENTS
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
. and
.
Modelling of processes of heat-, mass- and electric
transfer in column and anode region of arc with
refractory cathode .................................................................. 2
. and
N.P.Alyoshin (Russia)
U.Diltey (Germany)
Guan Qiao (China)
D. von Hofe (Germany)
V.I.Lysak (Russia)
N.I.Nikiforov (Russia)
B.E.Paton (Ukraine)
Ya.Pilarczyk (Poland)
G.A.Turichin (Russia)
Zhang Yanmin (China)
A.S.Zubchenko (Russia)
V.N.Lipodaev, V.I.Lokteva
A.T.Zelnichenko (exec. director)
A.A.Fomin, O.S.Kurochko,
I.N.Kutianova, T.K.Vasilenko
N.A.Dmitrieva
D.I.Sereda, T.Yu.Snegiryova
.
Efficiency of electrodynamic treatment of welded joints
of AMg6 alloy of different thickness ......................................... 6
. Influence of austenitizing mode on local
fracture susceptibility of welded joints of 03Kh16N9M2
steel ...................................................................................... 11
. and
. Dislocation model of hydrogen-enhanced
localizing of plasticity in metals with bcc lattice ........................ 15
. and
. Improvement of reliability of main gas
pipelines by using repeated in-pipe flaw detection ................... 20
INDUSTRIAL
. Application of welding technologies at
realization of European program on new renewable
energy sources ....................................................................... 26
. and
. Increase of strength characteristics of
spirally-welded pipes of structural designation ......................... 30
State Registration Certificate
KV 4790 of 09.01.2001
$324, 12 issues per year,
postage and packaging included.
Back issues available.
All rights reserved.
This publication and each of the articles
contained herein are protected by copyright.
Permission to reproduce material contained in
this journal must be obtained in writing from
the Publisher.
Copies of individual articles may be obtained
from the Publisher.
© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2012
. and
. Cold resistance and lamellar
fracture resistance of welded joints on steel 06GB-390 ............ 35
. Improvement of the technology for
submerged-arc welding of copper to steel ............................... 39
Development of technology of automatic submerged
arc welding of armor steels ..................................................... 44
BRIEF INFORMATION
News ..................................................................................... 46
Pub
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S of Ukr
a
ine
Kriken
Editorial b
o
ard:
t I.V., Krivtsu
Lobanov L.M., Pashchin N.A
Poletaev Yu.V
n
I.V
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ounc
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A.G
Стр.1
MODELLING OF PROCESSES OF HEAT-, MASSAND
ELECTRIC TRANSFER IN COLUMN
AND ANODE REGION OF ARC
WITH REFRACTORY CATHODE
I.V. KRIKENT1, I.V. KRIVTSUN2 and V.F. DEMCHENKO2
1Dneprodzerzhinsk State Technical University, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Ukraine
2E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
Numerical analysis of thermal, electromagnetic and gas-dynamic characteristics of plasma of free-burning arc in argon
at atmospheric pressure with tungsten cathode and copper water-cooled anode was performed in the anode region and
column of welding arc based on self-consistent mathematic model of processes of heat-, mass- and electric transfer. Results
of calculation of current density on the anode and heat flow in the anode are compared with the available experimental
data. It is shown that considering of the anode potential drop in the model provides more accurate predictions of the
characteristics of heat and electric interaction of arc plasma with anode surface.
Keywords: fusion welding, electric arc, refractory cathode,
arc characteristics, modelling of heat-, mass- and electric
transfer
Information about thermal, electric and dynamic effects
of arc on welded metal is necessary for efficient
application of the electric arc as a heat source in fusion
welding. Investigation of welding arcs using the
mathematic modelling methods [1—8] seems to be relevant
since experimental determination of characteristics
of the welding arc important from technological
point of view such as density of electric current
and heat flow over the surface of welded part is complicated
due to high values of temperature of arc
plasma and metal surface temperature, small geometry
of region of arc fixation and series of other factors.
Let us consider the electric arc with refractory
cathode burning in inert gas at atmospheric pressure.
The main attention will be given to the processes taking
place in a column and anode region of the arc
since theory and mathematic models of cathode phenomena,
including processes in a near-cathode plasma,
were developed in sufficient details for such an arc
[9—12]. Study [13] proposed a self-consistent mathematic
model of indicated processes for conditions of
nonconsumable electrode welding and plasma welding.
The aim of the present work is a verification of
given model by means of numerical investigation of
distributed characteristics of plasma of column and
anode region of a free-burning arc with tungsten cathode
and copper water-cooled anode and comparison
of obtained results with available experimental data.
Two interconnected models are included in the
self-consistent mathematic model of the processes of
energy-, mass- and electric transfer in the column and
anode region of the welding arc with refractory cathode
in accordance with approach applied in [13]:
© I.V. KRIKENT, I.V. KRIVTSUN and V.F. DEMCHENKO, 2012
2
3/2012
• model of arc column describing interaction of
thermal, electromagnetic, gas-dynamic and diffusion
processes in multicomponent plasma of the arc column;
• model of anode region which allows determining
characteristics of thermal and electric interaction of
arc with anode surface (part), necessary for analysis
of thermal, electromagnetic and hydro-dynamic processes
in welded metal.
Model of the anode region of arc with evaporating
anode proposed in study [13] allows calculating distribution
of anode potential drop Ua = —Δϕ along the
anode surface and density of heat flow qa, being entered
in the anode by arc, depending on current density
on the anode ja, temperature of electrons of plasma
near the anode Tea as well as temperature of its surface
Ts. Distribution of ja and Tea along the anode surface
can be determined with sufficient accuracy in modelling
of the arc with refractory cathode based on the
model of arc column with self-consistent boundary
conditions on the anode.
Comparison of calculation value Δϕ with one experimentally
measured for the case of application of
the arc with tungsten cathode and copper water-cooled
anode burning in argon at atmospheric pressure (arc
current 200 A, 10 mm length) was carried out for
verification of conformity of selected model of anode
processes. The following experimental data [14, 15]
were used in calculations: ja = 3.5⋅106 A/m2, Tea =
= 9840 K, Ts = 720 K, that provides Δϕ = 4.04 V.
Obtained calculation value complies with experimentally
measured Δϕ = 4.01 V [15] with high accuracy.
Figures 1 and 2 show applied in further calculation
dependencies of Δϕ and qa on temperature of electrons
in the near-anode plasma and density of electric current
on the anode for the free-burning argon arc with
refractory cathode and copper water-cooled anode.
Стр.2