English Аrticles in Use (1500,00 руб.)

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УДК 811.111’36(075.8) ББК 81.432.1-2я73 С32 Рецензенты: проф., д-р филол. наук Г.Н. Гумовская; проф., д-р филол. наук Е.А. Никулина Ответ ственный редактор: проф., д-р филол. наук М.Я. Блох Сергеева Ю.М. С32 English Articles in Use. Артикли: объяснение, употребление, тренинг [Электронный ресурс]: учеб. пособие / Ю.М. Сергеева ; отв. ред. М.Я. Блох. — 2-е изд., стер. — М. : ФЛИНТА, 2017. — 246 с. ISBN 978-5-9765-2794-2 Настоящее пособие представляет собой свод основных правил употребления артиклей с различными типами имен существительных, в зависимости от выполняемой ими синтаксической функции в предложении. Функционально-прагматический подход позволяет объяснить, почему тот или иной артикль требуется в конкретной коммуникативной ситуации. Пособие совмещает в себе сборник упражнений и удобный справочник. Для студентов и преподавателей лингвистических вузов, а также для широкого круга читателей, изучающих английский язык. УДК 811.111’36(075.8) ББК 81.432.1-2я73 ISBN 978-5-9765-2794-2 2 © Сергеева Ю.М., 2017 © Издательство «ФЛИНТА», 2017

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СОДЕРЖАНИЕ От автора ..........................................................................................................3 Chapter 1. THE ARTICLE AND THE CATEGORY OF DETERMINATION. TYPES OF ATTRIBUTES ...........................5 1.1. The article as a nominal determiner ...........................................................5 1.2. Descriptive and limiting attributes .............................................................6 1.2.1. Types of attributes ...........................................................................6 1.2.2. Attributes expressed by adjectives ..................................................7 1.2.3. Attributes expressed by the pronoun other .....................................9 1.2.4. Attributes expressed by numerals .................................................10 1.2.5. Attributes expressed by nouns in the common case ..................... 11 1.2.6. Attributes expressed by nouns in the possessive case ..................12 1.2.7. Attributes expressed by participles ...............................................13 1.2.8. Attributes expressed by the infi nitive ...........................................13 1.2.9. Attributes expressed by the gerund ...............................................14 1.2.10. Attributes expressed by prepositional nominal phrases ................15 1.2.11. Attributes expressed by subordinate clauses ................................17 1.3. The place of the article in a nominal phrase ............................................18 Chapter 2. THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE .................................................22 2.1. Forms of the indefi nite article ..................................................................22 2.2. The indefi nite article with common countable nouns. The functions of the indefi nite article .............................................................................23 2.2.1. The classifying function of the indefi nite article ..........................23 2.2.2. The generic function of the indefi nite article ................................25 2.2.3. The numerical function of the indefi nite article ............................26 2.3. The indefi nite article with material nouns ................................................27 241

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2.4. The indefi nite article with abstract nouns ................................................27 2.5. The indefi nite article with unique objects ................................................29 2.6. The indefi nite article with some semantic groups of nouns .....................29 2.6.1. The indefi nite article with nouns denoting seasons ......................29 2.6.2. The indefi nite article with nouns denoting parts of the day ..........30 2.6.3. The indefi nite article with nouns denoting names of meals ..........30 2.6.4. The indefi nite article with nouns denoting names of diseases ......31 2.6.5. The indefi nite article with nouns bed, school, college, university, hospital, church, prison, jail, table .............................32 2.7. The indefi nite article with proper nouns ..................................................32 Chapter 3. THE DEFINITE ARTICLE ......................................................34 3.1. The defi nite article with common nouns ..................................................34 3.1.1. The specifying function of the defi nite article ..............................34 3.1.2. The generic function of the defi nite article ...................................38 3.2. The defi nite article with material nouns ...................................................42 3.3. The defi nite article with abstract nouns ...................................................42 3.4. The defi nite article with some semantic groups of nouns ........................43 3.4.1. The defi nite article with nouns denoting seasons .........................43 3.4.2. The defi nite article with nouns denoting parts of the day .............44 3.4.3. The defi nite article with names of meals ......................................45 3.4.4. The defi nite article with names of diseases ..................................45 3.4.5. The defi nite article with nouns bed, school, college, university, hospital, church, prison, jail, table ...............................................46 3.4.6. The defi nite article with the noun sea ...........................................46 3.5. The defi nite article with proper names .....................................................46 3.5.1. The defi nite article with geographical names ...............................46 3.5.2. The defi nite article with miscellaneous proper names ..................49 3.6. The situational use of the defi nite article with proper names ...................54 242

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Chapter 4. THE MEANINGFUL ABSENCE OF THE ARTICLE ..........56 4.1. The zero article in the function of absolute generalization ......................56 4.2. The zero article with material nouns ........................................................56 4.3. The zero article with collective nouns .....................................................57 4.4. The zero article with abstract nouns .........................................................58 4.5. The meaningful absence of the article with some semantic groups of nouns ....................................................................................................60 4.5.1. The zero article with nouns denoting seasons ..............................60 4.5.2. The zero article with nouns denoting parts of the day ..................60 4.5.3. The zero article with nouns denoting names of meals ..................61 4.5.4. The zero article with names of diseases ........................................62 4.5.5. The zero article with names of sciences and school subjects .......62 4.5.6. The zero article with names of sports and games .........................63 4.5.7. The zero article with nouns school, college, hospital, prison, etc. .....63 4.5.8. The zero article with nouns town, space, society ..........................65 4.6. The zero article with proper names ..........................................................66 4.6.1. The zero article with geographical names ....................................66 4.6.2. The zero article with miscellaneous proper names .......................67 4.6.3. The zero article with names of persons ........................................70 4.7. Contextually bound absence of the article ...............................................70 Chapter 5. ARTICLES WITH NOUNS IN VARIOUS SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS ..........................................................................................72 5.1. Syntactic structure and actual division of a sentence ...............................72 5.2. Articles with nouns in the function of а subject .......................................73 5.3. Articles with nouns in the predicative function .......................................76 5.4. Articles with nouns in the function of an object ......................................79 5.5. Articles with nouns in apposition .............................................................81 243

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5.6. Articles with nouns used as adverbial modifi ers ......................................83 5.6.1. Articles with nouns used as an adverbial modifi er of place .........84 5.6.2. Articles with nouns used as an adverbial modifi er of time ...........86 5.6.3. Articles with nouns used as an adverbial modifi er of manner ......87 5.6.4. Articles with nouns used as an adverbial modifi er of comparison ...............................................................................88 5.7. Articles with nouns used as direct address ...............................................89 5.8. Articles with nouns used as parenthesis ...................................................89 EXERCISES to CHAPTER 1 .........................................................................90 EXERCISES to CHAPTERS 2, 3, 4 .............................................................130 EXERCISES to CHAPTER 5 .......................................................................209 Bibliography ................................................................................................240 244

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