Petroleum and Petroleum Products. Basic Properties and Laboratory Analysis (190,00 руб.)

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UDC 665.6(075) LBC 35.51Чя7 Published by the decision of the Editorial Review Board of the Kazan National Research Technological University Reviewers: Ph. D. R. Kashapov Ph. D. I. Galimullin Emelyanycheva Е. Petroleum and petroleum products. Basic properties and laboratory analysis : tutorial / Е. Emelyanycheva, B. Vagapov; The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Kazan National Research Technological University. – Kazan : KNRTU Press, 2020. – 100 p. ISBN 978-5-7882-2808-2 The standard methods of technical analysis of petroleum and petroleum products are considered. Brief information on the need to determine the main operational indicators of petroleum, distillate fuels, oils and heavy residues is provided. Classical and modern methods of analysis are given. The tutorial is intended for students studying Bachelor programs in the fields of 18.03.01 “Chemical Engineering” and 21.03.01 “Petroleum Engineering”; for students studying Master programs in the fields of 18.04.01 “Chemical Engineering”. It can be also useful for students studying Bachelor and Master programs of Petroleum and Petrochemistry Faculty. The tutorial is prepared by Chemical Technology of Petroleum and Gas Processing Department. UDC 665.6(075) LBC 35.51Чя7 ISBN 978-5-7882-2808-2 © Emelyanycheva Е., Vagapov B., 2020 © Kazan National Research Technological University, 2020

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TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 5 1. LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF OIL ................................................... 12 1.1. Determination of residual water in oil .................................................. 12 1.2. The density of oil .................................................................................. 14 1.3. Viscosity of oil ..................................................................................... 19 1.4. Oil pour point ....................................................................................... 22 1.5. Determination of resin-asphaltene substances in oil ............................ 23 1.6. Sulfur and sulfur compounds of oil ...................................................... 27 2. ATMOSPHERIC AND VACUUM DISTILLATION OF OIL .............. 32 2.1. Atmospheric and vacuum laboratory distillation of oil ........................ 32 2.2. Atmospheric and vacuum distillation on oil refineries ......................... 42 3. LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF GASOLINE FRACTIONS ............... 46 3.1. Knock resistance of gasoline fractions ................................................. 47 3.2. The fractional composition of gasoline fractions ................................. 48 3.3. The saturated vapor pressure of gasoline fractions .............................. 51 3.4. Corrosion activity of gasoline fractions ............................................... 52 3.5. The actual resin oils content in gasoline fractions ................................ 53 3.6. Determination of the total amount of sulfur in light oil products, including gasoline fractions, by the lamp method ....................................... 55 3.7. Determination of the group composition of gasoline ........................... 57 4. LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF DIESEL FUELS ............................... 66 4.1. Ignition properties of diesel fuel ........................................................... 67 4.2. Distillation properties of diesel fuels .................................................... 69 4.3. Flash point of diesel fuels ..................................................................... 73 4.4. Kinematic viscosity of diesel fuels ....................................................... 76 4.5. Low-temperature flow properties of diesel fuels .................................. 79 4.6. The determination of water-soluble acids and alkalis .......................... 81 4.7. Some other properties of diesel fuels ................................................... 82 3

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5. LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF PETROLEUM LUBRICATING OILS ............................................................................................................ 85 5.1. Viscosity-temperature properties of lubricating oils ............................ 85 5.2. Flash point of lubricating oils ............................................................... 89 5.3. The color of lubricating oils ................................................................. 91 5.4. Some other properties of lubricating oils ............................................. 93 6. LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF PETROLEUM RESIDUES .............. 95 6.1. General testing indicators for petroleum residues ................................ 95 6.2. Laboratory analysis of petroleum bitumen ........................................... 95 6.2.1. Bitumen ductility test .................................................................. 97 6.2.2. Bitumen penetration test ............................................................. 98 6.2.3. Bitumen softening point test ....................................................... 99 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................... 100

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