PROTECTED AREAS OF BURYATIA

The Barguzin State Nature Biosphere reserve……. 13 Unit III. <...> There are different English words which describe a protected area: a nature reserve, a national park, a sanctuary, a conservation area, and a habitat. <...> The categories provide international 6 standards for defining protected areas and encourage conservation planning according to their management aims:  Category Ia — Strict Nature Reserve;  Category Ib — Wilderness Area;  Category II — National Park;  Category III — Natural Monument or Feature;  Category IV — Habitat or Species Management Area;  Category V — Protected Landscape/Seascape;  Category VI — Protected Area with sustainable use of natural resources. <...> A strict nature reserve (Category Ia) is an area which is protected from all but light human use in order to preserve the geological and geomorphical features of the region and its biodiversity. <...> Wilderness areas can be classified as such only if they are devoid of modern infrastructure, though they allow human activity to the level of sustaining indigenous groups and their cultural and spiritual values within their wilderness-based lifestyles. <...> A national park (Category II) is similar to a wilderness area in its size and its main objective of protecting functioning ecosystems. <...> They have a high cultural or spiritual value that can be utilised to gain support of conservation challenges by allowing higher disturbance or recreational rights, therefore offering an incentive for the preservation of the site. 8 A habitat or Species management area (Category IV) is similar to a natural monument or feature, but focuses on more specific areas of conservation (though size is not necessarily a distinguishing feature), like an identifiable species or habitat that requires continuous protection rather than that of a natural feature. <...> This differs from category V in that it is not the result of long-term human interaction that has had a transformative effect on surrounding ecosystems. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN_protected_area_categories) Vocabulary: aim [eɪm] — цель, намерение animal [ˈжnɪməl] — животное biodiversity [baɪədaɪˈvɜːsɪtɪ] — биоразнообразие conservation area [kɒnsəˈveɪʃ(ə)n ˈɛːrɪə] — природоохранная территория cultural and spiritual values [ˈk <...>