The Sart Kalmyks rarely became the object of bioanthropological research. <...> The few studies include that by D.O. Ashilova (1976), who made a number of conclusions based on anthropometric data. <...> Though the ethnographic group of Sart Kalmyks incorporated into the Kirghiz nation in the past was related to the Western Mongolian ethnic group by common ancestry, language, and culture, now they differ in appearance from groups belonging to the Central Asian anthropological type (Kalmyks, Mongols, and Buryats) and show the closest affi nity with Kirghizes. <...> During our expedition in 2013, we conducted a comprehensive anthropometric and genetic study among the Sart Kalmyks. <...> We have collected anthropometric data on 84 women and 119 men, made 830 photographs for creating generalized portraits, and studied the diagnostically important descriptive characteristics of the face. <...> We also collected material for genetic analysis – 197 blood samples of 101 women and 96 men. <...> Regarding ethnicity, the following distribution was observed: 111 persons stated that both their parents were Sart Kalmyks, and about a half of them (51 persons) knew the tribal affi liation of parents. <...> Forty individuals are hybrids between Sart Kalmyks and Kirghizes, 29 have both parents of Kirghiz origin, and 8 people mentioned Kazakhs, Uyghurs, Tatars, and Bashkirs among their ancestors. <...> Based on these materials, we will trace the origin and history of the Issyk Kul Kalmyks in comparison with Kalmyks living in Russia and China; assess the demographic and genetic structure of Karakol Kalmyks; and calculate genetic distances and the degree of relationship with Russian Kalmyks. <...> In sum, this research will highlight the most recent trends in the development of this ethnic group. <...> Key words: physical anthropology, anthropometry, population history, Sart Kalmyks Contact information: Balinova Nataliya, e-mail: balinovs@mail.ru, Khomyakova Irina, e-mail: irina-khomyakova@yandex.ru. <...> GENETIC DIVERSITY AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM PATTERNS IN ROMA POPULATIONS LIVING IN CROATIA BASED ON X CHROMOSOME STR LOCI Barešić Ana, Peričić Salihović Marijana, Janićijević Branka Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb, Croatia The aims of the study were to evaluate the genetic diversity and explore linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns in three Roma populations of different migration origin, socio-cultural and dialect <...>