Федеральное агентство по образованию
Государственное образовательное учреждение
высшего профессионального образования
«Казанский государственный технологический университет»
Кафедра иностранных языков
ENGLISH STYLISTICS FOR TRANSLATORS
СТИЛИСТИКА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
ДЛЯ ПЕРЕВОДЧИКОВ
Учебное пособие
Казань 2008
2
УДК 811.111 (07)
ББК 81. 2 Англ-5
English Stylistics for Translators/ Cтилистика aнглийского языка
для переводчиков: /Учебное пособие/ Л. <...> Мифтаховой
Рецензенты:
Печатается по решению
@ Казанский государственный
технологический университет, 2008 г.
3
FOREWORD
The manual is designed for students specializing in translation as
theoretical course in English Stylistics. <...> The aim is to teach the students to describe and specify the whole
range of stylistic devices found in the language and to define the sources of
expressiveness of the texts belonging to different functional styles. <...> Stylistic Classification of the English Vocabulary
Part III. <...> Phonetic and Graphical Expressive Means
and Stylistic Devices
Part 1V. <...> Lexical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices
Part V. Syntactical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices
Part VI. <...> Functional Styles of the English Language
The manual also includes “Supplement for Translators” presenting
different patterns of stylistic analysis with their translations into Russian. <...> Stylistic analysis has as its end the clarification of the full meaning and
potential of the message of the author. <...> A linguistic method of stylistic
analysis involves careful observation and detailed description of language
phenomena in the text. <...> Stylistic analysis is closely connected with the problem of stylistic
context - microcontext and macrocontext. <...> The manual also includes the “List of Specific Stylistic Terms” with
transcription and translation into Russian and the list of “Familiar
quotations about Language, Style and Literature” that can be of great
help in independent creative studies. <...> In preparing this edition, care has been taken to bring the text up to
date and to introduce the reader to some outstanding problem of modern
stylistics and translation. <...> Much attention has been given to illustrations of
stylistic points with the examples from modern English and American
literature.
4
Style is the man himself. <...> THE ENGLISH LITERARY LANGUAGE
To get an objective description of the nature, peculiarities and
functional characteristics of the styles and stylistic devices of the
language, it is necessary to make clear what is meant by the literary <...>
English_Stylistics_for_Translators_Cтилистика_aнглийского_языка_для_переводчиков._Учебное_пособие.pdf
УДК 811.111 (07)
ББК 81. 2 Англ-5
English Stylistics for Translators/ Cтилистика aнглийского языка
для переводчиков: /Учебное пособие/ Л.А.Шимановская; Казан. гос.
технол. ун-т. - Казань, 2008. 118 с.
ISBN 978-5-7882-0507-6
Использование стилистических языковых средств
в
оригинальных англоязычных текстах
разной функциональной
структурных уровней английского языка
направленности нередко затрудняет работу переводчика. Знание основ
стилистики позволяет выполнить перевод на более высоком
профессиональном уровне.
В пособии рассматривается стилистический аспект всех
с привлечением
иллюстративного материала из английской литературы с переводом.
Пособие предназначено для студентов, получающих
специальную профессиональную подготовку в области перевода и
переводоведения, а также может быть рекомендовано в качестве
дополнительного материала для самостоятельной работы студентов,
интересующихся вопросами лингвистики.
Под редакцикй проф. Н. Х. Мифтаховой
Рецензенты:
Печатается по решению
@ Казанский государственный
технологический университет, 2008 г.
3
Стр.2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword......................................................................................3
Theoretical course on English Stylistics
Part 1. Introduction to stylistic studies
1. The English Literary Language............................ ....................4
2. Varieties of Language.................................................. ...........5
3. General Notes on Style and Stylistics..................................... .6
4. Expressive Means (EM) and Stylistic Devices (SD)...............9
Part II. Stylistic Classification of the English Vocabulary
General considerations................................................ ............10
1. Neutral, Common Literary and Common Colloquial
Vocabulary.................................................................. ............11
2. Special Literary Vocabulary
a) Terms................................................................ ................13
b) Poetic and Highly Literary Words..................................15
c) Archaic Words................................................. .................15
d) Barbarisms and Foreign Words........................ ................17
e) Literary Coinages (including Nonce Words)....................19
3. Special Colloquial Vocabulary
a) Slang..................................................................................21
b) Jargonisms.........................................................................24
c) Professionalisms................................................................25
d) Dialectal Words......................................................... .......27
e) Vulgar Words....................................................................28
Part III. Phonetic and Graphical Expressive Means and
Stylistic Devices
General Notes...............................................................................27
Onomatopoeia..............................................................................29
Alliteration...................................................................................30
115
Стр.114
Rhyme............................................................................. .............31
Rhythm.........................................................................................32
Graphical Expressive Means .......................................................33
Part 1V. Lexical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices
A. Interaction of Different Types of Lexical Meaning
1. Interaction of Dictionary and Contextual Logical
Meanings
Metaphor................................................................................36
Metonymy..............................................................................37
Irony......................... .............................................................37
2. Interaction of Primary and Derivative Logical
Meanings
Polysemy.................................................................................... .38
Zeugma and Pun...........................................................................38
3. Interaction of Logical and Emotive Meanings
Interjections and. Exclamatory Words…................................... .38
The Epithet...................................................................................39
Oxymoron.....................................................................................41
4. Interaction of Logical and Nominal Meanings
Antonomasia.................................................................... ............42
B. Intensification of a Certain Feature of a Thing or
Phenomenon
Simile............................................................................................43
Periphrasis....................................................................................44
Euphemism...................................................................................45
Hyperbole.....................................................................................46
116
Стр.115
C. Peculiar Use of Set Expressions
Clichés..........................................................................................47
Proverbs and Sayings.................................................................47
Epigrams......................................................................................48
Quotations...................................................................................49
Allusion.... ..................................................................................49
Decomposition of Set Phrases...................................................50
PART V. Syntactical Expressive Means and
Stylistic Devices
A. The Structural Characteristics of the Text
The Syntactical Whole ...........................................................51
The Paragraph ........................................................................52
B. Compositional Patterns of Syntactical Arrangement
Stylistic Inversion...................................................................52
Detached Constructions.........................................................53
Parallel Construction.................................................... ....54
Chiasmus (Reversed Parallel Construction)..................... ....55
Repetition...............................................................................55
Enumeration........................................................................ .. 56
Suspense................................................................................ 58
Antithesis...............................................................................59
C. Particular Ways of Combining Parts of the Utterance
Asyndeton................................................................................61
Polysyndeton............................................................................61
The Gap-Sentence Link............................................................62
D. Peculiar Use of Colloquial Constructions
Ellipsis.....................................................................................62
Break-in-the-Narrative......................................................... ...63
117
Стр.116
Question-in the- Narrative......................................................64
Represented Speech................................................................64
a) Uttered Represented Speech.............…………….............65
b) Unuttered or Inner Represented Speech…………………65
E. Transferred Use of Structural Meaning
Rhetorical Questions..............................................….............67
Litotes….....……………………………………....................67
Part VI. Functional Style of the English Language
Introductory remarks....................................................................68
A. The Belles-Lettres Style
1. Language of Poetry………………….……………...........68
2. Emotive Prose…………………………………………….72
3. Language of Drama……………………………………....73
B. Publicist Style
Oratory and Speeches ……………………………………….75
The Essay………..…………………………………............. 75
Articles…...........…………………………………………….76
C. Newspaper Style
Advertisements and Announcements……………………….78
The Editorial………………………………………………...78
Brief News Items...................................................................79
D. Sciettific Prose Style……………………………............79
E. The Style of Official Documents……………....................80
Conclusion..................................................................................81
118
Стр.117
Supplement for Translators
a) Poetry
John Keats On the Grasshopper and Cricket.............................82
Pattern Stylistic Analysis..............................................................82
Translations into Russian..............................................................84
William Shakespeare Sonnet 27................................................86
Pattern Stylistic Analysis..............................................................86
Translation into Russian...............................................................88
b) Emotive Prose
John Galsworthy To Let
Part 2. Chapter 1. Mother and Son............................................89
Stylistic Analysis..........................................................................94
Translation into Russian.............................................................102
List of Specific Stylistic Terms.................................... ...........107
Familiar Quotations to be Cited.............................................111
Literature….…………………………………………………..113
Table of Contents .....................................................................114
119
Стр.118